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Home >> Meningitis >> Symptoms

Symptoms

Meningitis and septicaemia are extremely serious conditions that can cause death within hours. Both conditions can be hard to recognise at first as the initial symptoms are so similar to those of many mild illnesses - usually fever, vomiting, headache and feeling unwell.

Symptoms of meningitis and septicaemia can appear in any order and some may not appear at all. Septicaemia and meningitis can occur independently or at the same time.

Illustrated below are symptoms that appear in each condition. Symptoms highlighted by a red flag ( ) often appear earlier than others, and before the appearance of more serious symptoms, which are shown in the darker pictures.

Septicaemia

Fever/vomiting Fever/vomiting
Limb/joint/muscle pain Limb/joint/muscle pain
cold hands and feet/shivering Cold hands and feet/shivering
Pale or Mottled skin Pale or mottled skin
Breathing fast/breathless Breathing fast/breathless
Rash (anywhere on the body) Rash (anywhere on the body)
Sleepy/vacant/difficult to wake Sleepy/vacant/difficult to wake
Confused/delirious Confused/delirious
 

Meningitis

Fever/vomiting Fever/vomiting
Severe headache Severe headache
Stiff neck (Less common in young children) Stiff neck (Less common in young children)
Discomfort in bright lights (Less common in young children) Discomfort in bright lights (Less common in young children)
Sleepy/vacant/difficult to wake Sleepy/vacant/difficult to wake
Rash (anywhere on the body) Rash (anywhere on the body)
Confused/delirious Confused/delirious
Seizures Seizures
Other symptoms in toddlers and babies:
  • Refusal to eat/feed
  • Irritable, not wanting to be held/touched
  • A stiff body, with jerky movements, floppy or lifeless
Babies may also have:
  • A tense or bulging soft spot on the head (fontanelle)
  • A high-pitched or moaning cry